TICKED OFF, BUT SCARED OFF? RIOTS AND THE FATE OF NONVIOLENT CAMPAIGNS*

Research on the relationship between nonviolent and violent dissent has focused explicit shifts in organized strategies, disregarding less-organized forms of violence such as riots. Even though disorganized is common, we know little about how it influences onset fate antigovernment campaigns. Activists frequently argue that discipline essential counterproductive for effective large-scale mobilization. However, others emphasize could have a mobilizing effect protest revitalize campaign. We detail these competing perspectives riots can influence outcomes then evaluate contending claims empirically by examining affect initial emergence campaigns likelihood will terminate. find mobilization less likely to emerge after riots, ongoing are more collapse under higher rates rioting.